Thursday, April 24, 2014

Citigroup Is Undervalued and Unloved

Citigroup (C) is a multinational financial services company which has been in operation for over 200 years. It is the third largest bank holding company in the U.S.A. by assets and its largest shareholders include funds from the Middle East and Singapore. The firm has the largest financial services networks in the world in a 140 country with 16,000 offices throught the world. Citi holds over 200 million customers accounts and is a primary broker for the US Treasury Department. The firm suffered heavy losses during the financial crisis which lead the Government to bail it out to the tune of $25 billion and guranted $300 billion in the firms assets. Despite these losses and bailout which gave the goverment a 37% equity interest, it still built up an enormous cash reserves of $420 billion in surplus liquid cash and government securities as of 2012.

History

1998 Merger

Citigroup was came about at of the merger between Citicorp and Travelers Group. The structure of the merger was that of a stock swap, with Travelers Group purchasing the entirety of Citicorp shares for $70 billion, and issuing 2.5 million new Citigroup shares for each Citicorp share. When the merger was completed the new company was the largest financial institution at $140 billion with $700 billion in assets.
2000 Acquisitions:
  • Associates First Capital Corporation (Agreed to pay victims of predatory lending practices $240 million)
  • European American Bank - $1.9 billion
  • Banamex - $12.5 billion

2008 Financial Crisis and Beyond

The firms heavy exposure to troubled mortgages in the form of collateralized debt obligation (CDOs), compound by the firms very poor risk management or lack of risk management. This exposure and lack of risk management left the firm insolvent, despite its receipt of $25 billion in the Trouble Asset Relief Program Fund. As a result of its become insolvent the Citi and Federal regulators approved a plan to stablize the company. On November 24, 2008 the government announced a massive plan to save the company which called for the government to back $306 billion in loans and securities and directly invest $20 billion in the firm. Multiple government agencies would cover up to 90% of losses on its $335 billion portfolio after Citi absorbed the first $25 billion in losses. In return the Citi gave the government $27 billion in preferred shares and warrents to acquire stock. In January of 2009, the firm announced that it plan to reorganize itself into two operating units: Citicorp for its retail operations and institutional client business and Citi Holding for its brokerage and asset management. Citigroup will continue to operates as one company. Citi achieved its first profitable year since 2007 in 2010 and it reported $10.7 billion in net profits, compared to its loss of $1.9 billion in 2009. In late 2010, the government sold its remaining shares for a $12 billion profit.
On March 2012, Federal Reserve reported Citi was one of the four financial institutions out of 19 major banks to fail the stress test. According to the company and the Fed it failed the stress test because of its high return capital plan and its international loans. Again in 2014 the firm failed the stress test. According to the Fed it fail Citi on qualitative concerns that was left unresolved despite regulatory warning.

Finances

Balance Sheet
2013
31/12
2012
31/12
2011
31/12
2010
31/12
Total Current Assets----
Total Assets1880382186466018738781913902
Cash & Due from Banks29885364532870127972
Other Earning Assets, Total102095099670010167801044590
Net Loans645824630009617127608139
Property/Plant/Equipment, Total - Net----
Property/Plant/Equipment, Total - Gross----
Accumulated Depreciation, Total----
Goodwill, Net25009256732541326152
Intangibles, Net77747639916912058
Long Term Investments----
Other Long Term Assets, Total-36--
Other Assets, Total150940168150176688194991
Total Current Liabilities----
Total Liabilities1676043167561116960721750434
Accounts Payable53707570135669651749
Payable/Accrued----
Accrued Expenses----
Total Deposits968273930560865936844968
Other Bearing Liabilities, Total25000203001600028200
Total Short Term Borrowings251456259263247814258348
Current Port. of LT Debt/Capital Leases----
Other Current liabilities, Total----
Total Long Term Debt207116223163312505362983
Long Term Debt207116223163312505362983
Capital Lease Obligations----
Total Debt458572482426560319621331
Deferred Income Tax----
Minority Interest1794194817672321
Other Liabilities, Total168697183364195354201865
Total Equity204339189049177806163468
Redeemable Preferred Stock, Total----
Preferred Stock - Non Redeemable, Net67382562312312
Common Stock, Total31302929
Additional Paid-In Capital107193106391105804101287
Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)111168978099052079559
Treasury Stock - Common-1658-847-1071-1442
ESOP Debt Guarantee----
Unrealized Gain (Loss)-1724597-35-2395
Other Equity, Total-17409-17493-17753-13882
Total Liabilities & Shareholders' Equity1880382186466018738781913902
Total Common Shares Outstanding3029.243028.882923.882905.84
Total Preferred Shares Outstanding--0.010.01

Income Statements
2013
31/12
2012
31/12
2011
31/12
2010
31/12
Net Interest Income46793466864764953539
Interest Income, Bank62970672987185853539
Total Interest Expense161772061224209-
Loan Loss Provision7604104581133625809
Net Interest Income After Loan Loss Provision39189362283631327730
Non-Interest Income, Bank30108274292968232237
Non-Interest Expense, Bank-49800-55832-51273-46851
Net Income Before Taxes1949778251472213116
Provision for Income Taxes5867735752217
Net Income After Taxes1363078181114710899
Minority Interest-227-219-148-281
Equity In Affiliates----
U.S GAAP Adjustment----
Net Income Before Extraordinary Items1340375991099910618
Total Extraordinary Items270-5868-16
Net Income1367375411106710602
Total Adjustments to Net Income-457-192-212-99
Income Available to Common Excluding Extraordinary Items1294674071078710519
Dilution Adjustment111172
Diluted Net Income1321773601087210505
Diluted Weighted Average Shares3041.63015.52998.82967.8
Diluted EPS Excluding Extraordinary Items4.262.463.63.55
DPS - Common Stock Primary Issue0.040.040.02-
Diluted Normalized EPS4.384.114.173.55

For fiscal year 2013, the firms interest income decreased 6% to $62.97 billion and net interest income after loans loss provision increased 8% to $39.19 billion. Earned $13.7 billion which was the firms largest profit since the financial crisis and it grew its loan portfolio by 6%. The firm generated $20 billion in regulatory capital, ending the year with a Tier 1 Common ratio of 10.6%.

Financial Assets and Liquidity
Ratio's201320122011
Debt to Equity1.371.542.13
Total Equity to Total Assets0.110.100.10
LT Debt to Total Assets0.120.130.17
Tier I Common12.6%12.7%11.8%
Tier I Capital13.7%14.1%13.6%
Dividend Payout0.010.020.01

Valuation

Citi today sells for 11x its earnings 2.5x its free cash flow and 0.7x its book value which so that Citi is trading at lower multiples then the other big four banks in the United States. If Citi sold at the same P/E as Wells Fargo then it would sell for $60.90 per share and if it sold the same P/E as JP Morgan then it would sell for $55.25 per share. Today the firm sells for about 8.2x its pretax earnings. If Citi sold at 9x to 10x its pretax earnings then it would sell for $53.19 to $59.19 per share. From todays price to $59.19 per share is should be anyone's buying range, let me be clear I use pretax earnings must of the time to see how much I am willing to pay up for a company. I believe pay 9x to 10x a company's pretax earnings is reasonable way to invest. Now lets look at Citis free cash flow per share of $18.87 per share and it currently trades at 2.5x it free cash flow, but if it traded at Wells Fargo free cash flow multiple of 4.6x then it would sell for $86.80 per share. Based on the Firms earnings, book value, free cash flow and selling at lower multiples across the board compared to the other Big Four Institutions, I would buy the stock at today prices. It is very clear that Citi is undervalued and the share price could easily double from where it is at now.

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